Marketing and the Information Technology Sector Research Paper

Marketing and the Information Technology Sector - Research Paper Example An analysis would consider the physical characteristics of the product and therefore its transportation and storage needs, the promotional activities associated with the product, the sensitivity of sale volumes of the product to price changes, and what distribution coverage is best met by customer demand for the product, i.e. whether the product should have mass distribution or a more exclusive distribution. Depending on the coverage of distribution required, the marketer would then be able to decide whether to use resellers, such as wholesalers or retailers, to assist with getting the product to the customer, or to use specialty service firms who would act as brokers in bringing the customer to the product. Another important aspect the marketer has to consider in choosing channel partners is the type of relationship, whether independent or dependent arrangements would be used to move the product to the customer. 2. How effective is the Tutorial in presenting the material: In covering the issues related to product distribution, the material provided in the tutorial can be easily understood by those without any marketing experience. In providing links to specific issues, the reader need not go through the entire tutorial but can select a topic that is of interest, and summary charts, such as those in the Wholesalers and Retailers section are well used to assist the reader with assimilating all the information in a topic. Given the breadth of information available in the tutorial, there are aspects of the tutorial that do not provide the depth of information required by some marketing specialists thus requiring further research elsewhere. Unfortunately, the tutorial does not provide any sources for further information.  Ã‚  

Government Security Classifications Essay Example for Free

Government Security Classifications Essay In light of the growing controversy surrounding the former Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, the Republican Party is claiming that she used her personal email account to send classified information. The United States classification system is currently established by Executive Order 13526 and has three levels of classification – Confidential, Secret, and Top Secret. The lowest level of classification is Confidential. Confidential material is defined in Executive Order 13526 as, â€Å"Any information that would cause damage or be prejudicial to national security if it were made available. † A variety of markings are used for material that is not classified, but whose distribution is limited administratively such as, For Official Use Only (FOUO), or Sensitive but unclassified (SBU). Although these items are marked unclassified, they are not to be sent via personal email. No special investigation is needed at this level for the individual other than â€Å"a need to know basis.† The second highest classification is Secret. Secret material is defined in Executive Order 13526 as, â€Å"Any information that would cause ‘serious damage’ to national security if it were made public.† Most information that is classified is held at this level. In order to have a secret clearance, you must have an investigation into your background to ensure trustworthiness. This is usually conducted by a government agency. The highest level of classification is Top Secret. Top secret as defined in Executive Order 13526, â€Å"Shall be applied to information, unauthorized disclosure of which reasonably could be expected to cause ‘exceptionally grave damage’ to the national security that the original classification authority is able to identify or describe.† It is believed that 1.4 million Americans have top secret clearances. Top secret clearances are usually given to specific individuals who pass a very stringent security background investigation. Individuals with this level of classification work at the top levels of our government. As you can see we have a government system in place to ensure that classified information is distributed accordingly throughout the government  to protect national security. In regards to Mrs. Clinton, do you think that she broke the rules by using her personal email account? The jury is still out on that investigation.

My Team Success Essay -- essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Team B was a small group of people with interchangeable skills who found themselves responsible for a common purpose and goal. Learning Teams can get more complicated projects done at a more rapid pace than an individual assigned project because decision-making is more effective in a team environment. Our team was some what complex. We were a successful group of people who were cooperating, critiquing, communicating and reporting to a forum.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Our team did not just happen. We were formed then molded. (Kreitner, Kinicki, 2004) states:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So what is this first and most important step for creating   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  effective teams? It’s called â€Å"Chartering.† Chartering is the process   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  by which the team is formed, its mission or task described, its   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  resources allocated, its goals set, its membership committed, and   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  its plans made. (p. 410)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The formation developed in four stages. The first was the Forming stage otherwise known as the â€Å"Ice Breaking Stage† in which we were uncertain about our roles and who to trust (Stewart, Manz, 1999). During this stage we had a group discussion and a member became prominent to take the leader position. The following stage was Storming which is a time when members learn about ground rules discussed then confirmed by the leader. This is the stage where I learned that I was responsible for writing Example #1 and the date my part had to be turned in. The third stage of our development was Norming, a stage of working together to reach our goals. In this stage Team B moved their individual turn in dates back a day and team members picked up additional tasks as the project had clear dead line dates. We became more aware that we were going to have less time for editing than we normally planned for. Lastly, the Performing stage is focused on solving any problems that arise. This stage is critical for getting the project done on time and completing the goal. Our team had a few problems toward the end. One problem that aro... ... we used two of them. The first, Collaborative is â€Å"Trying to find a solution in which the needs of both or all parties are completely met.† Secondly, Compromise definition is â€Å"Trying to find a middle position in which all parties give a little to gain something.† Through these two strategies the conflicts turned out to be a positive addition. Our team was not afraid of it; therefore more ideas and thoughts were able to reach out for a group decision.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We were a group of people with a vision working towards a common goal. The building of our team was complicated. We negotiated roles and tasks according to our strengths and interests. We worked well together, but far from perfect. Through varies conflicts ideas were exchanged and meaningful productivity resulted (Porter, 2003). Good communication resulted from trust and respect. All members shared an equal participation which made it easier for each individual to contribute to the success of Week 3.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Works Cited

Gambling Addiction’s Effect on Family Essay

Gambling is a distraction for most people, something to look forward to on a vacation or the occasional trip to the racetrack. However, there are others who can’t control their interest in gambling. Instead of doing it on an occasional basis, it becomes an everyday activity and a cruel addiction. Individuals who become addicted to gambling often get overwhelmed by the activity and allow it to become the dominant thing in their lives at the expense of themselves and their family. Addiction Addicted gamblers get into trouble when they start chasing their losses. A gambler may go to the casino or go online to gamble with a fixed amount of money. According to the American Academy of Family Physicians, the increased access to gambling throughout the United States the problem of pathlological gambling is likely to increase in the future. Sponsored Links Pedialyte ® For Children When it Comes to Rehydration, Other Household Beverages Can’t Compare. www.Pedialyte.com Function The gambler doesn’t want to lose, but when those losses occur, he doesn’t want others to know about it. He wants to hide his losses because he doesn’t want to disappoint others and he doesn’t want to face the consequences of what is happening. So when an addicted gambler is losing, he is hurting his family by losing money that cannot afford to be lost and he is hurting is family even more by lying to them. According to a report by the National Opinion Research Center at the University of Chicago, there are 2.5 million pathological gamblers in the United States and another 3 million problem gamblers. Impact In many cases, the addicted gambler’s family doesn’t find out about the problem until many months or years have gone by. The gambler may manipulate the family’s money for a while to make it look like all the funds are in tact. However, after a given period, that won’t be possible because the money will be gone. The gambler’s spouse or significant other may discover the shortfall in a routine examination of the accounts or the gambler may admit the problem when the guilt becomes overwhelming. Either way, trust has been destroyed in the relationship. Treatment Preventing a gambler from gambling is difficult, but if family members know about the problem and really want to help, they can practice tough love in order to prevent the gambler from doing more damage to himself and to the family. A support group like Gamblers Anonymous can also help. GA, modeled after Alcoholics Anonymous, uses 12 steps to increase self-awareness and identify character defects that can help the individual arrest his gambling problem. However, the compulsive gambler cannot be â€Å"cured.† Identification The American Academy of Family Physicians has identified some of the behaviors associated with pathological gambling, which can help family members identify if a family member has a gambling problem. These behaviors include preoccupation with gambling; repeated failed efforts to control gambling; gambles to escape problems; lies to family members, therapists and others to conceal gambling losses and relies on others to provide money to relieve desperate financial situations.

Spring exam

First Line Managers – supervise people who perform non-managerial duties Middle Managers – oversee the work of large departments or divisions Top Managers – guide the performance of the organization as a whole or of one of its major parts Governance – is the oversight of top management by a board of directors or a board of trustees Accountability – is the requirement so show performance results too supervisor The upside-Down Pyramid – view puts customers at the top of the organization by being served by workers who are supported by the managers below them Social Capital – Is the capacity to attract support and help from others In order to get things done. Emotional Intelligence – Is the ability to manage ourselves and our relationships effectively Conceptual Skill – Is the ability to think analytically and solve complex problems 1 . Self-Awareness ? understanding moods and emotions 2. Self-Regulation – thinking bef ore acting; controlling disruptive impulses 3. Motivation – working hard and persevering 4. Empathy – understanding the emotions of others 5.Social Skills – gaining rapport and building good relationships Global Sourcing – involves contracting for work that is performed in other countries Corporate Governance – is the oversight of a company's management by a board of directors Glass Ceiling Effect – an invisible barrier limiting career advancement of women and minorities Intellectual Capital – is the collective brainpower or shared knowledge of a workforce (Competency x Commitment = Intellectual Capital) Self-Management – is the ability to understand oneself, exercise initiative, accept responsibility and learn from experience ME – Chi. Critical Thinking – the ability to perceive situations, gather and interpret relevant information, and make decisions Sustainable Competitive Advantage – is an ability to ou tperform rivals in ways that are difficult to imitate Corporate Strategy – sets long- term direction for the total enterprise Business Strategy – identifies how a division or strategic business unit will compete in its product or service domain Functional Strategy – guides activities within one specific area of operations Growth Through Concentration – means expansion within an existing business area Growth ThroughDiversification – means expansion by entering related or new business areas Growth Through Vertical Integration – occurs by acquiring suppliers or distributors Retrenchment Strategy – changes operations to correct weaknesses Liquation – occurs when a business sells Its assets to pay creditors Restructuring – reduces the scale or mix of operations Divestiture – Involves selling off parts of the organization to refocus attention on core business areas Strategic Alliance – organizations Join together In partnership to pursue an area of mutual interest Co-petition – is the strategy of working with rivals n projects of mutual benefit business Strategy -strategically uses the internet to gain competitive advantage Scrounging – is strategic use of the internet to engage customers and potential customers in providing opinions and suggestions on implementing strategies Differentiation Strategy – offers products that are unique and different from those of the competition Cost Leadership Strategy – seeks to operate with lower costs than competitors Focused Differentiation Strategy – offers a unique product to a special market segment Focused Cost Leadership Strategy – seeks the lowest costs of operations within a special market segment Strategic Leadership – inspires people to implement organizational strategies Strategic Control – makes sure strategies are scrapped or changed ME – Chi. 9 Colonization – is the proces s through which new members learn the culture of an organization Observable Culture – is what you see and hear when walking around an organization Core Culture – is found in the underlying values of the organization Symbolic Leader – uses language and symbols and actions to establish and maintain a desired organizational culture.

Exploring Types Of Child Abuse Social Work Essays

Exploring Types Of Child Abuse Social Work Essays Exploring Types Of Child Abuse Social Work Essay Exploring Types Of Child Abuse Social Work Essay Child maltreatment is a societal phenomenon that takes topographic point for a long clip but it received serious consideration in wellness scientific discipline since 1946 when Caffey, who was a radiotherapist, reported the frequent association of chronic subdural haematoma and multiple breaks of long castanetss in kids. Caffey was non certain about the existent cause of the hurts he described and in 1961 Kempe offered the phrase battered kid in order to depict kids who have been deliberately injured by their parents. The societal phenomenon of kid maltreatment attracted besides the attending of mass media for the first clip in 1963 and in 1967 when the District of Columbia passed Torahs necessitating the coverage of kid maltreatment. In Geneve, in 1976 the first International Congress of Child Abuse was held and between 1973 and 1980 over 800 publications about the societal issue of child maltreatment appeared in wellness scientific disciplines literature. In order to understand t he job, in 1986, the National Center of Child Abuse of the United States Department of Human Services estimated that about 1,5 million kids in the U.S. expirienced any sort of maltreatment and 1000 kids died that twelvemonth as a consequence of kid maltreatment. There are three chief types of kid maltreatment ; the physical disregard, the physical maltreatment, the sexual maltreatment and the emotional type of maltreatment. Any of these types of maltreatment is really harmful for a child.In this text we will analyze these three chief types of maltreatment. The first type of physical maltreatment is physical disregard. In physical disregard that parent or the health professional does non run into the basic demands of a kid such as its demand for nutrient, shelter or vesture which is the most basic signifier of disregard. Accept these signifiers of disregard there are many other signifiers. The parents may non obtain preventative medical or dental attention for their kid, such as everyday physical scrutinies and inoculations. Besides parents may detain the medical attention for an unwellness of their kid that put the kid at hazard of experiensing a more terrible unwellness or even decease. Parents may besides go forth a immature kid unattended, or they may go forth a kid in the attention of a individual who is known to be opprobrious. Parents may besides demo indifference for their kid s public presentation in school undertakings or their kid s attending in school. The symptoms of neglect vary depending partially on the maltreatment or nature and continuance of the disregard, on the kid, and on the fortunes. Normally physically ignored kids may look dirty, undernourished or they may miss of appropriate vesture. Thay may non go to ever in school and they may be found go forthing with siblings or entirely without any sort of supervising from an grownup. In kid with physical disregard it has been observed that their physical and cognitive development is non appropriate for their age. Another symptom for these kids is that thay may decease due to exposure or famishment. Disregard may non be recognized for old ages. A ignored kid is normally identified by societal workers or wellness attention practicians during rating of an unrelated issue, such as an unwellness, a behavioural job or an hurt. Doctors may place that the kid s physical or mental development is non at a normal degree or has missed many assignments or inoculations. Teachers may place a ignored kid due to the frequence of unexplained absences from school. If disregard is suspected, the physician have to look into for infections, anaemia, and lead toxic condition, which are common unwellnesss among ignored kids. Another type of kid maltreatment is physical maltreatment. This type of maltreatment is defined by physically harming or non handling good to a kid, by inordinate physical penalty. Children of any age are vulnerable to be physically abused but yearlings and babies seem to be more vulnerable because physical maltreatment is the figure one cause of really serious caput hurts in babies. On the other manus in yearlings there is a great possibility to hold abdorminal hurts due to physical maltreatment which can be fatal. Physical maltreatment ( including homiside ) is one of the 10 most common causes of decease in kids. In most of the instances the kid s parents are perpentrators of the maltreatment and in most instances the kids that are physically abused are born in sigle parent households or in households with fiscal job. Physical maltreatment is contributed due to household emphasis. Family emphasis is caused many times due to unemployment, ongoing household force, societal isolation from household members or friends and frequent moves to another place. Children who have particular demands such as physical or mental disablements and kids who are hard such as overactive, cranky or demanding are more vulnerable to be physically abused. Physical maltreatment can be caused besides due to a crisis or other emphasiss. A decease in the household, a subject job or the loss of a occupation can do a crisis. Common marks of physical maltreatment are Burnss, contusions, scrapings or wales. These Markss can frequently hold the form or the object that the kids have been abused, for case a belt. Scald or coffin nail Burnss may be seeable on the legs or weaponries. Other terrible hurts may non be seeable but present such as in encephalon, eyes, oral cavity and other internal variety meats. It is possible for kids who have experienced physical maltreatment to hold Markss of old hurts which have healed such as broken castanetss. Disfigurement may besides be present because of heavy hurts. In babies it is possible to see the jolted babe syndrome. This syndrome is cause by throwing a babe or by agitating it violently. Babies with this syndrome may look to be kiping profoundly without holding any seeable Markss or hurts. They may look to kip profoundly because of swelling and encephalon harm which may hold as a consequence hemorrhage between the skull and the encephalon of the babe. Babies may bes ides hold shed blooding at the dorsum of the oculus in the retina. For kids who have been abused for a long period they may be in a regular base irritable, fearful, dying, down and act in suicidal, violent and condemnable ways. Physical maltreatment is really hard to be diagnosed. Physical maltreatment can be suspected in an baby who is non walking by holding serious hurts and contusions. Physical maltreatment can be suspected besides in an older kid or a yearling by holding contusions in specific countries such as natess, trunk or the dorsum of the legs. For kids that learn to walk contusions are tupical in cadaverous countries such as articulatio genuss, brow, shins, cubituss and mentum. Maltreatment can besides be diagnosed when parents do non look to be concerned about an obvious hurt of the kid or when the seem to cognize a small of their kid s wellness status. Parents that are loath to depict how an hurt accured to their friends or to the physician there is a great possibility to physically mistreat their kid as good. If a physician is fishy physical maltreatment, he obtains accurate exposures and drawings of the hurt. Sometimes in order to look for old hurts X raies are taken and if a kid is less tha n two old ages old, in order to chech for breaks X raies of all castanetss are taken. A different sort of kid maltreatment is the sexual maltreatment. Sexual maltreatment is defined by any action with a kid or an baby that is for the sexual satisfaction of a significantly older kid or an grownup. Sexual maltreatment includes touching a kid with sexual purpose but without holding incursion ( this is a different phenomenon which is called molestation ) , perforating the kid s vagina, anus, or oral cavity, utilizing a kid in the production of erotica and demoing erotica or exposing the genitalias to a kid. Sexual drama does non included in sexual maltreatment. In sexual drama there are kids who have age difference less than four old ages and touch or position each others genitalias without any coercion or force. By the age of 18 about 8 to 10 % of male childs and 2 to 25 % of misss have experience some sort of sexual maltreatment. The most sexual perpentators are good known by the kid and it is normally a female parent s fellow, a measure father or an uncle. Female perpe ntators are non so common. There are certain state of affairss that the hazard of sexual maltreatment is increased such as holding a health professional who is altering sex spouses in a regular footing or alteration health professionals really frequently, holding a member of the household which in the yesteryear has been sexually abused, holding a household member being associated with a pack, holding low self-esteem or being socially isolated. In kids that have been sexually abused there are certain symptoms which are common. One of the most common symptoms is disconnected cahnge in behaviour. Some of these kids may develop sleep upsets and phobic disorders and may go withdrawn or aggressive. Sexually abused kids may besides move in some sort of sexual ways inappropriate for their age and kids who were abused by a household member or a parent may hold conflicted feelings. These kids may experience emotionally near to the perpentator, yet betrayed. Injuries may ensue of a sexual maltreatment. Children may hold cryings, shed blooding or contusions in countries around the rectum, oral cavity or genitalias. Injuries in the rectal and venereal country may ensue sitting and walking troubles. In female victims may hold a vaginal discharge. A sexually familial disease may be present such as chlamydial infection, gonorrhoea and sometimes even human immunodeficiency virus infection ( HIV ) . Sexual maltreatment is diagnosed normally due to a informant s or kid s history for the incident. On the other manus most kids are loath to speak about that sort of incident and sexual maltreatment is recognised by marks such as highly different behaviour, even unnatural. If a kid has be sexually abused around 72 hours ago, it is able for the physicians to roll up grounds that are linked with sexual contact such as organic structure fluids, hair samples from the venereal country and swabs and exposure of any seeable hurts are taken. In some comunities there are specific physicians who are trained exceptional to measure these state of affairss. The concluding of the chief types of kid maltreatment is the emotional maltreatment. Emotional maltreatment is defined by utilizing Acts of the Apostless or words to phychologically maltreat a kid. A kid that is emotionally abused is experiencing that it is unloved, flawed, in danger, worthless or valuable merely when they meet another individual s demands. Emotional maltreatment includes working, rejecting, pretermiting, terrorising and insulating. Exploiting agencies promoting condemnable behaviour or pervert, such as mistreating drugs or intoxicant or perpetrating offenses. Rejecting agencies minimizing the kid s achievements and abilities. Emotionally pretermiting a kid means non interacting with the kid and ignoring, the kid is non given neither love and nor attending. In order to happen the emotional maltreatment phenomenon it must be a long period of clip that the phenomenon really occurs. Emotionally abused kids symptoms are the same in most instances every bit good. Childs who are emotionally abused tend to be dying and insecure about their fond regards with others because they have non had their demands met predictably or systematically for a long period. Babies that are emotionally abused seem to be uninterested or unemotional for their milieus. These babies may look like they are holding some sort of physical dissorder or mental deceleration. Children that experience emotional maltreatment may be slow to develop address and linguistic communication accomplishments or may miss societal accomplishments. Childs who are exploited may mistreat intoxicant or drugs or even commit offenses. Childs who are terrorized may look highly dying to delight grownups, withdrawn and fearful, distrustful and unassertive. highly dying to delight grownups. Childs who are isolated may hold trouble organizing normal relationships and be awkward in societal state of affairss. Older kids m ay non execute good when they attend to school or may even non attend school at all. Emotional maltreatment in most instances is diagnosed during the rating of another job that is taken under consideration, such as behavioural jobs and bad public presentation in school activities. Children who are emotionally abused are investigated for marks of sexual and physical maltreatment. The kid maltreatment is a assorted job because therapy is a really long and hard process in order to obtain the optimum consequence. All healers agree that bar is the most effectual intervention. Childs who were victims are in large hazard of going maltreaters to the following coevals. In this population bar is the first purpose. It is necessary to learn them how to be good parents and pull off their emphasis to forestall that sort of incidents. Finally we can assist these kids by developing the societal support for these victims in order to travel back to a healthy and safe household environment.

Money and Class in america, the great gatsby Essay Example

Money and Class in america, the great gatsby Essay Example Money and Class in america, the great gatsby Essay Money and Class in america, the great gatsby Essay In Money and class in America a book by Lewis Alphas, Alphas tells us his observations on how Americans view wealth, how Americans are deflected by the pursuit of money. In The Great Gatsby, it is shown Just how wealth creates social ranks and affects society One of the major themes of The Great Gatsby is the corruption of society and its people. Corruption is defined as decomposition or disorientation, in the process of putrefaction; putrefaction; deterioration. But how would people of such a wealthy ND relaxed life come to be corrupt, would be a difficult question to without seeing and experiencing the characters of this masterpiece of F. Scott Fitzgerald. The Great Gatsby truly reinstates the fact that the rich and the beautiful do have problems. The Buchannan are millionaires that are spending their lazy days with their lazy life. How does decomposition and disorientation come into this on to this tale? Well of course there is infidelity, and not Just by one of them but both. Tom is corrupt harasser, he is a racist, sexist, hypocrite, arrogant, dishonest and more. Yet he comes from a rich and socially stable family, this powerful status keeps other off his backs, and he is free to roam about with his outrageous views and ego. When Tom begins to discover Daisys affair with Gatsby, he almost immediately faces this, with a few angry looks and words. But he doesnt think of hypocrisy that he is showing with his second significant other Myrtle. Tom is an example of what sasss old money comes to be, only propelled by their upper class status. They are too good for West Egg; they are the classy, the elegant, and the sophisticated. And put out their top of their lives to mask the unattractive corrupt reality. The American dream lost among the age of the crazy and wild Jazz. Ultimately Great Gatsby demonstrates the corruption of the American dream, as the unrestrained desire for money and pleasure surpassed more noble goals. For various reasons of course, the brutal a different way. And the American economic boom that brought the New money to young Americans from all kind of backgrounds. The book clearly demonstrated the ewe money in the West Egg, and their clash with the East Eggs established Old money aristocracy. As Nick explains it, easy money and relaxed social values have corrupted the dream. The most corrupted character in The Great Gatsby is undoubtedly the great Gatsby himself. Gatsby seems like a victim who loved and lost, and lost again. Jay Gatsby himself is living a corrupted life, his own name is not even real, and his fortune is from illegal bootlegging money. Since the war his life has been a reach for the green light that is Daisy. To Jay, Daisy represented perfection. She was a picture of wealth, sophistication, grace and aristocracy which Gatsby longed for as a child up until when he met her during the war. Gatsby has made Daisy a symbol of everything he values, and made the green light on her dock a symbol of his destiny with her. After being rejected by Daisy, he still clings on to his dream that Daisy will be back. Because the thought of his life long goal escaping him just like that does not seem reasonable to him. In a way Gatsby entire life was corrupted by this entire image of picture perfect goal off future with Daisy.

The Best Way to Set Up and Troubleshoot Your Sales Funnel

The Best Way to Set Up and Troubleshoot Your Sales Funnel If you’re a marketer, you’re likely privy to the infamous sales funnel. You know how it works in theory†¦ But maybe you’re having some problems implementing it in practice. There might be areas were your funnel is leaking†¦ OR Maybe you’re not quite sure how to measure your funnel’s performance. This post covers: The best way to set up your sales funnel. How to troubleshoot problems in your funnel. Great tools to help improve your funnel’s performance. AND some awesome examples to inspire you. Download our Free Sales Funnel Templates Before learning how to troubleshoot your sales funnel, check out these free templates. They’ll help you get organized AND help your team get more done in less time. This download includes: A content audit guide to help identify your content deficits. A content mapping template to map your content to each funnel stage. A 2019 content calendar to get your year all planned out. A user persona worksheet to help you target the right people.Plan All Your Funnel Content with One thing is clear†¦ There is a lot  of content that goes into a full-funnel marketing strategy. Try using to get it all organized. With things like custom tags and filtered views, you know exactly what content is being created and where it falls in your funnel strategy. To create a custom tag, first, choose the category of content you will create. Name your content item and add a few tags like funnel stage. To visualize all the content you are creating according to funnel state, hover over the left-hand hamburger menu and click â€Å"Create new saved view†. Click â€Å"Add filter category† and choose the â€Å"tag† option. Find the funnel stage you want to create a saved view for. Now you can easily see a bird’s eye view of every content item that is being created for each funnel stage. Now that you know creating a full funnel content strategy doesn’t have to be a hot mess, here’s how to actually do it. The Sales Funnel: A Brief Introduction The sales funnel is meant to visualize the stages a buyer goes through before purchase, and how a marketer can tailor activities to help move someone towards that purchase. A lot of folks assume that a marketer’s job is to throw out some ads to raise awareness about a business. While this is certainly one element a marketer will engage in, there’s a lot more that goes into a full funnel strategy. A full funnel strategy means there are content and marketing activities that raise awareness and generate demand; nurtures leads and educates; helps close the final deal; and turns customers into loyal advocates. Generally, here’s what the sales funnel looks like: Let’s start by breaking down each section of the funnel. Top of Funnel a.k.a TOFU The top of the funnel is where you’ll focus on generating interest and awareness for your business. You want to focus on bringing the right  people in according to your user personas. Who enters at the Top of Funnel? A TOFU individual is someone who is in your target market and could be doing general online research related to your industry. They likely aren’t quite ready to make a purchase at this point but are looking to learn more about a particular topic. When searching, they typically use phrases like, â€Å"how to†, â€Å"what is† or â€Å"why do†. That said, you’ll want to focus on educating them; enticing them to leave an email address or visit your site; or engage with your content in an additional way like downloading an ebook or signing up for a webinar. TOFU Content Examples Here are a couple great examples of content you can produce to capture leads at the top of your sales funnel. Top of Funnel Content: Blog posts A good TOFU blog post is one that focuses on solving one of your user personas’ problems. Keep in mind that this individual isn’t ready for a hard sell. They are looking for help or info on a particular topic. You want to establish trust by helping them work through an issue or giving them the knowledge they need to succeed on their own. Recommended Listening: TOFU, MOFU, BOFU: How To Talk To Prospects At Every Stage Of The Marketing Funnel TOFU Blog Post Example - Nested Bean Nested Bean is a company that makes slightly weighted baby swaddles, pajamas, and sleep sacks. The products are meant to help babies and young children sleep longer at night. They have a ton of great examples of TOFU blog content on their site – all focused on educating readers on various sleep-related topics. Here’s an extensive post they wrote about baby colic. It educates about the topic and teaches readers how to help soothe a colicky baby. Recommended Reading: How to Create Effective Blog Posts That Convert Like Crazy Top of Funnel Content: How-to Series Since TOFU content should focus on education, it makes sense that a how-to series would be the perfect fit for attracting people into the sales funnel. The Home Depot capitalizes on this by providing visitors an awesome how-to series for all your DIY needs. The series builds trust by focusing on teaching visitors how to use basics tools to accomplish their at-home DIY projects. Top of Funnel Content: White Papers White papers take a deep dive into a specific topic – usually, one that is research driven or covers topics that tend to be more B2B in nature than what you would find in a how-to series or blog post. Marketo has a wide variety of white papers on its site. This one on engagement checks a few boxes of what a good white paper should look like. It offers a comprehensive look at a topic, covers original research conducted by the company and highlights the company’s industry expertise. Since white papers take significantly more time to produce, you should consider gating the content. I.e. requiring the visitor to leave their email address before downloading. Recommended Reading: How to Write White Papers People Actually Want to Read (Free Template) Top of Funnel Content: Webinars Webinars have the ability to deliver your audience tremendous value. One of the best ways to get the most out of a webinar is to include an industry expert to talk about a specific topic. This not only increases the reach of your webinar but also adds additional educational value to attendees. Gartner is a world leader in providing research and consulting services to business. And they are no stranger to webinars. The company offers both live and on-demand webinars on a range of topics – all of which are tailored to high-level individuals such as CEOs and CTOs. Top of Funnel: What to Measure The goal of your TOFU content should be to attract as many of your targeted personas as possible. To know if the first stage of your funnel is performing, try tracking the following metrics: Page Views  - A healthy funnel should have a good amount of people viewing content. You’ll want to track this over time to make sure potential customers are finding your content. Bounce Rate  - Tracking your bounce rate will tell you how many sessions ended without the visitor taking any further action. This is a helpful way of knowing if visitors are finding your  content engaging and relevant. Email Subscribers - You want visitors to move on to the next stage in the funnel and become closer to making a purchase. Every time a visitor subscribes to your email list indicates that they are interested in your content and want to know more. It also gives you the opportunity to nurture those lead and encourage downward movement in the funnel. New vs Returning Visitors - Top performing TOFU content should always aim to bring new visitors to your site. Tracking new vs returning visitors will not only tell you if you’re consistently bringing new people to your site, but it will also tell you if your content is good enough to come back for more. Prospects  - By drilling down a little deeper into your data, you’ll be able to see how many new email subscribers are your target personas. Keep in mind, you’ll have to have a short form on your site to collect additional information. TOFU Tools to Track Your Funnel Health Google Analytics With Google Analytics, you’ll be able to track page views, bounce rate, and new vs. returning visitors. To find this info, first, navigate to Google Analytics. Then choose Audience and Overview. Just below the line graph, you’ll see page views, bounce rate, and visitor data. KissMetrics KissMetrics is a  powerful analytics and reporting tool that can track loads of things. With a little help from your website developers, you can easily set up a KissMetrics dashboard to see how many email subscribers your content is converting. Here’s a peek at what your dashboard will look like: You can see things like total email subscribers, daily averages and date range comparisons. Ahrefs Ahrefs is a content marketers dream. When composing your content strategy, you’ll want to make sure that the keywords you target are both something your audience is interested in and something that you can rank on search engines. The magic keywords should have a low difficulty score and high search volume. To find this data, navigate to the menu item called Keyword explorer. Type in your keyword in the text box and click the magnifying glass. Ahrefs will tell you a ton of valuable data like approximately how many backlinks your content will need to rank in the top 10, the search volume for the specific keyword, as well as similar keywords to target. Common TOFU problems and How to Troubleshoot Alright, you’ve got the top of your sales funnel all set up and are tracking the things you need to†¦ But maybe you’re encountering some problems bringing in people and converting them. Here are a few common problems that occur at the top of the sales funnel and how you can troubleshoot them. 5 common top of funnel #marketing problems and how to troubleshoot them. #TOFUYour Content Isn’t Converting One of the most common problems for any TOFU content is that it isn’t converting. Content that doesn’t convert at the top spells trouble for the rest of your funnel. The fewer people that move on to the next phase of the funnel, the less people will be closer to making a purchase. Here are a couple ways to make sure that your content is converting. Focus on Your Content Core Your content core is where the topics your customers care about merges with what you have to offer them as a business. Finding your content core allows you to go beyond traffic, eyeballs, and audience building and actually create content that gains customers. The first step here is to make sure you focus on what your customers  care about and not what your audience  cares about. If your content is really good at generating traffic, but not very good at generating leads and converting, you likely have a traffic trap problem. You’ll know you have a traffic trap problem if your website traffic is increasing, but revenue isn’t increasing proportionally. You can fix this by making sure your content is both helpful to potential customers AND presents the unique value proposition your business provides. The Sandwich Approach Another issue that could be causing low conversion rates on your content is lack of CTAs. Let’s say your company is religiously pumping out blog content that solves your customer’s problems. BUT, your revenue growth is stagnant and your content isn’t moving the needle to increase purchases. Try the sandwich approach. The sandwich approach is a simple way of mixing in your business’ unique value proposition into all content items. Essentially you sandwich in your products into the middle of your content to highlight how your product helps solve the customer’s problem. Nested Bean, which was our blog example above, does this perfectly. They start by helping you solve the problem on your own, introduce their product and how it can help, followed by more tips about how to solve the problem yourself. Your Page Views are Dropping Maybe your content was performing well for quite a while, but you’ve slowly losing pageviews. This could indicate that your most popular content is losing its position on search engines. Search engines like Google typically favor new and fresh content over things that are more dated. Try regularly updating your content with fresh advice, extra list items, etc. This helps ensure that your most popular posts will continue to be found via search. You’re not Ranking on Keywords Ranking on keywords is no easy feat. It can be particularly challenging if you are choosing keywords that are highly competitive. How do you know if this is you? Look up your keywords with Ahrefs or a similar tool. If the ones you are targeting have a high difficulty score, it’s unlikely that your content will be found via search. You’ll want to try to find keywords that have a high search volume and a low difficulty score. Middle of Funnel a.k.a MOFU The middle of the funnel is the where you’ll begin nurturing the leads brought in by your top of funnel content. In this stage, your goal is to move website visitors further down the funnel toward making a purchase. Once you’ve captured a piece of information (such as an email address), you can begin placing them into an email drip campaign, begin building a relationship with the contact, and targeting them with content tailored to their needs. Who Enters the Middle of Funnel? As a buyer moves down the funnel, they will likely start comparing products uncovered during their initial research. Keep in mind that the length of these funnel stages can vary greatly depending on conversion value. Big-ticket purchases will encounter a longer buying process and therefore spend more time evaluating options and comparing what’s available. MOFU Content Examples MOFU content is designed to provide prospects with the information that will put your company and its products or services ahead of all others being considered. Here are a few characteristics of MOFU content: Middle of Funnel Content: Case Studies Case studies are designed to provide potential customers with proof points highlighting how your product solves problems in real life. LinkedIn provides visitors a swath of case studies outlining how various businesses used it’s ad platform to reach their target audiences and improve advertising results. In its case studies, LinkedIn does a great job of outlining the company’s challenge, how they provided the right solution, and what the final results were. Recommended Reading: How to Write a Powerful Case Study That Converts Leads Into Customers With 50 Examples and 7 Templates Middle of Funnel Content: Reviews How many times have you read a review online before making a purchase? If you’re like me, this is almost a must-do before making any purchase. In fact – 88% of consumers  have been influenced by a review they saw online. Encouraging existing customers to leave reviews for your business provides prospects the social proof they need to move closer to making a purchase decision. Mattress company Casper, reaches out to each customer via email to encourage them to leave a review. Feeling wary about the possibility of negative reviews? Try not to be. An occasional negative review is inevitable. Two positives come from a negative review†¦ It gives you the opportunity to rectify the situation or improve your product. Negative reviews show authenticity. 30% of consumers  believe that reviews are fake if there aren’t any negative comments. Middle of Funnel Content: Data Sheets Datasheets provide prospects the quick and dirty details of your product. Outline things like cost, features, benefits, and specifications. Keep in mind that these often aren’t the sexist documents, but offer prospects an easy way to do side-by-side comparisons. Here’s an example data sheet from Netgear  showing the features of its Nighthawk router. Middle of the Funnel: What to Measure The goal of your MOFU content should be to convert website visitors captured at the top of your funnel into leads. To know if the middle of your funnel is performing, try tracking the following metrics: MQLs  - A Marketing Qualified Lead is typically a prospect that has provided some additional piece of info aside from just an email address. This data help you segment your website visitors and allow you to identify them as a good fit for your product or service. Email open and CTRs -   How your emails are performing is of the best ways to gauge the health of your middle funnel. Open Rates and CTRs are especially good indicators of how relevant the content you are sharing is to your subscribers. Middle of the Funnel: Tools Autopilot Autopilot  is a marketing automation software that helps you convert leads into paying customers. Any  marketing automation software is a vital part of your MOFU activities. What sets Autopilot apart its visual interface. Autopilot allows you to create custom email journeys for every stage of the funnel – from abandoned carts, to trade show lead follow-up and everything in between. Here’s a look at what a customer journey with Autopilot looks like. Zoom Webinars can be a content item for both TOFU and MOFU sales funnel stages, depending on the topic. Zoom  is an easy-to-use tool for hosting webinars. The software integrates with many different CRMs so you can easily follow-up with webinar guests and target them with additional content. Participants can engage in real-time with QA, discussions, polls and chat functions. You can also see engagement data to track if your audience is paying attention. Common MOFU problems and How to Troubleshoot Your Click Through Rates are Low If people are subscribing to your list, but aren’t clicking to read your content, it could be a sign that you need to optimize your email sequences. Strategize about what content a target persona needs and when they need it. Trial different email flows and the content they receive to find the right mix to improve CTRs. People Aren’t Downloading Your Content If people aren’t downloading your content, they can’t move on to further funnel stages. Naturally, one of the easiest ways to fix this is to experiment with new types of content. If your white papers aren’t converting, try a quiz, a free online tool, or something out of the box. It could also mean that your download form is too long. No one wants to submit 20 pieces of information just to get a free online resource. Take a hard look at what info is absolutely necessary and cut everything else. Bottom of Funnel a.k.a BOFU Here we are†¦ the bottom of the sales funnel. A potential customer has made it through your funnel and is on the cusp of making a purchase. Depending on the nature of your  business, this stage may not consist of any content at all. So the marketing team hands the baton off to the sales department and steps away†¦ OR The marketing team might be responsible for creating sales enablement content to help the sales department close the deal. Recommended Reading: The Best Sales Enablement Strategy for Marketers (+ 4 Free Templates) BOFU Content Examples Like mentioned above, not all businesses will need BOFU content. This funnel stage might consist of other tactics like discount codes to encourage purchases, a free trial, or one-on-one consultation. If your product is slightly more complicated, your sales team might need customized supporting content to aid in bringing the customer to the finish line. Competitor Comparisons By the time a lead reaches the bottom of the funnel, they are likely comparing a couple solutions and making a final decision. Customized competitor comparisons offer you the opportunity to outline the customer’s final options before they make a decision. This shows how your brand differentiates itself and to helps them understand why your company is the best. This example from Intercom  isn’t customized for the specific customer, but give you an idea of what your competitor comparison could look like. Presentations Marketing teams can and should be involved in the production of sales slide decks. Marketing can make sure the slide deck is on brand and looks professional, while the content can be tailored by the sales team to ensure it is relevant for the customer. Here is a sales presentation example from Zuora. Sales Scripts You don’t want your sales team to sound robotic or like they are regurgitating a canned response†¦ But you do want them to be well versed in the persona’s problems and pain points. Knowing what keeps them up at night and the challenges that brought them to your company can help close the deal. The marketing team can outline a few talking points to hit the right topics on the call without sounding like a droid. Bottom of the Funnel: What to Measure The goal of your BOFU content is to close the deal and turn leads into customers. BOFU metrics should look at indicators which signal upcoming purchases or conversions. Try   tracking metrics such as: Trial Signups - If your business has the ability to offer free trials, this is a good indication of how many people are inching closer to purchasing. Total Demo Requests  - The number of people registering for a demo signifies a healthy bottom of the funnel. More demos, means more opportunities for your sales team to engage one-on-one with prospects and a better chance of closing the deal. Demos Completed  - How many actually  show up for their demo call? People might be scheduling them, but what good is that if they don’t actually show up? Sales Conversion Rate  - This metric measures how effective your sales reps are at converting prospects into customers. You can calculate sales conversion rate like so: Bottom of the Funnel: Tools Calendly Calendly  makes scheduling demos super easy. It syncs with your preferred calendar and automatically checks availability. Potential customers can see what your real-time schedule looks like and choose a time slot for a demo or other meeting type. No more back and forth emailing. CRM A CRM is an important element of all your funnel activities – especially for the bottom of your funnel. A CRM like Salesforce can track things like demo calls scheduled,no-shows, trial sign-ups and more. It’s a super powerful tool with unlimited amounts of data you can dig into. Common BOFU problems and How to Troubleshoot Number of Trial Signups is Low If you’re struggling to increase trial signups, consider eliminating the need to enter credit card details. Studies  show that simply eliminating the need to enter credit card details to access a free trial can increase trials by 8%. Doing so decreased the trial-to-paid conversions, but in the end still resulted in a better end-to-end conversion rate. You can also make sure that the trail signup CTA is easily accessible on your website and on all relevant content items. No One is Signing Up for a Demo Call This could indicate a problem with your scheduling process. Look at the process and try to simplify it or remove steps that are causing friction. If possible, you could also try implementing live demo capabilities to catch individuals closer to the moment of purchase intent. People Aren’t Showing Up for Their Demos So people are signing up for demos, but they don’t show up. This is a common problem for many companies. One way to solve this is to create a custom reminder email flow specifically for those who have signed up for a demo. Pro tip: Have these emails come directly from the sales rep who will be holding the call. People are generally respectful of others and their time - by tying this to an actual human will help decrease the likelihood of no-shows.

Speech to inform Outline Rubric Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Speech to inform Outline Rubric - Essay Example . I tend to behave differently when I visit my parents’ households. In my opinion maintaining one’s culture is a crucial part of life, it sort of gives any individual an identity unique from others. In my family, my mother is African while my Father is from Saudi Arabia. This definitely makes me multiracial. Nonetheless, I tend to be more with my father’s culture since we reside with them and I have stayed with them longer than my mother’s family. The discourses can be diverse but at some point similar in terms of values. Following all these, I also have been affected in school since I come from different races. I will therefore take you through my experiences from both cultures for a better understanding of their discourse. I will explain the similarities as well as differences between the two, and the impact they both have had in my life especially when I was growing up. Transition: Despite the many differences with the two discourse cultures, they share a number of similar values which in my opinion make them compatible to intermarry, as my parents did. Here are some of the similarities. Transition: As I have explained, Discourse culture basically brings out the difference in the culture of communities. My Saudi Arabian and African discourses have their differences and similarities also they have had some negative effects on me. It is my hope that through my multiracial identity you now comprehend what discourse culture is. The two cultures are different in some way especially when visiting other people but have similarities. Respect for family unity is a similar in both of my races. I have been discriminated but have survived it all since I love both my mother and father so dearly. My challenge to all of you is to stop racism, if anyone of you still believes in discrimination upon race then this is a reason on why you should see the world and the people in it differently. We cannot all be the same and

Encryption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Encryption - Essay Example Chung takes V2 kL mod n1 received from Lilly and operates on it by exponentiation modulo n1 with kC to give V2 kLkC mod n1. He intends to use this as session key ks1C to encrypt his message to a client. Ks1C = V2 kLkC mod n1 = 37(127*234) mod 257 = 133 mod 257 Step 4 Lilly takes V1 kC mod n1 received from Chung and operates on it by exponentiation modulo n1 with kL to give V1 kCkL mod n1. She intends to use this as session key ks1L to attempt to decrypt Chung's message to a client. Ks1L = V1 kCkL mod n1 = 126(234*127) mod 257 = 252 mod 257 (b) If Chung and Lilly had both picked the value V4 for their parts of the key exchange using the method illustrated in part (a), the result would be a session key of 192. Complete Table A4 to show how a session key ks = 192 might be encrypted with the client's public key, and then decrypted by the client on receipt. Table A4 Encryption of the session key Step 1 The value for the session key ks supplied in Question 2 Part (b). ks =192 Step 2 The value for the modulus n2 supplied in Question 2 Part (b) n2 =26 Step 3 The value of the session key ks written as text ks expressed in text = one nine two Step 4 A suitable value for Tait's public key KT KT = 15 Step 5 The session key ks encrypted with Tait's public key KT. { ks} KT = C T: {R}ks, {ks}KT = CNINQNIZSC Step 6 __ A suitable value for Tait's private key KT __ KT =7 Step 7 The result of decrypting the encrypted session key __ using Tait's private key KT {{ks}KT}KT = ONENINETWO Question 3 Complete the following unfinished sections in the main body and appendix of the report printed in the appendix to this companion, and referred to in the 'Background for Questions...Today, the encryption process involves altering and rearranging bits of digital data using a systematic procedure that can be converted into a computer program. Encryption is a commonly used method for providing a certain degree of security in technology-based systems. Simple encryption methods include the substitution of letters for numbers, the rotation of letters in the alphabet or the "scrambling" of voice signals by inverting the sideband frequencies. The more complex methods use sophisticated computer algorithms that rearrange the data bits in digital signals. Data is converted into a series of numbers which are then used as input into calculations. The calculated results become the encrypted data (Case Resource). In 1976 the idea of public key encryption was introduced to the field of cryptography. The idea revolved around the premise of making the encryption and decryption keys different so that the sender and recipient need not know the same keys. The sender and the recipient will both have their own private key and a public key would be known by anyone. Each encryption or decryption process would require at least one public key and one private key (Mycrypto.net 2008). Public key encryption techniques or asymmetric key systems avoid the need to distribute keys in secret. Symmetric key systems are those which allow the decryption process to be derived from the encryption key.

International Trade and Competition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

International Trade and Competition - Essay Example Thus organizations usually decide to globalize their operations when they foresee a sufficient profitability in assigning their limited resources to foreign market(s) higher than the expected rate of return from other marketing decisions. iii) The cost of entering the market. Cost may be monetary, time, energy or psychic costs and may arise due to differences in culture and value systems making the product and adaptation cost extremely high, due to the distance, due to high taxation levied by the foreign governments and imposition of tedious rules regulations and procedures by the government of a country thus creating high entry barriers. Countries may differ on their market attractiveness, entry barriers, proximity, culture, rules and regulations and risk factors hence the same organization may have to employ different entry and operation strategies for different countries, also the government policies in the same country may be different for different industries and some products and hence the strategies have to be varied accordingly . Organizations differ in their vision, mission, objectives, competitiveness (strengths and weaknesses), resources and hence the strategies they adopt to face a particular marketing situation. However studying a category of organizations and the international marketing strategies adopted by them helps arrive at few generalizations. The decision maker has to exercise caution in deciding where to generalize and where to discriminate while formulating strategies for the organization s/he is

Analytical Report Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Analytical Report - Coursework Example Industry clusters provide favourable business environment for various types of business entities, including core businesses, supporting businesses, government structures, academic and research institutions, etc. Industry clusters facilitate collaboration among all these members and facilitates innovation within a cluster. Close proximity and direct communication increases trust among firms and commitment. Due to knowledge sharing environment companies gain competitive advantage and stay ahead of rivals, operating distantly. Moreover, while operating within one geographical location, firms are encouraged to collaborate with various players, starting from customers and suppliers, and ending with government and research institutions. As a result, many companies collaborate in terms of R&D, driving thus innovation performance within a cluster. This form of collaboration increases innovation performance and makes companies more competitive on the global market. National legislation and po licies play an important role in promoting collaboration and innovation within a specific cluster. Thus, major attributes of industrial clusters (knowledge sharing and collaboration) enable firms to develop long-term relationships with their business partners, and thus to establish more sustainable business model. Concentration of research institutions, universities, think tanks and other industry players facilitates innovation and development. As the research shows, all these aspects help nations to gain and maintain competitive advantages in the international arena. In the era of globalisation, improved logistics and communication, it may appear that geographical location plays less important role in competitive position of a nation or a country. There are practically no more physical constraints imposed by distance factor as companies may source, supply and provide services/sell products distantly (Porter, 1998). However, there is another tendency, which challenges this position,

Work, privacy, and autonomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Work, privacy, and autonomy - Essay Example Privacy, on the other hand, involves two things. First is control of information about ones self, and the other, some control over who can experience or observe the person. An example given is that privacy in relation to a spouse is different from privacy in relation to an employer. As proposed by Kupfer, privacy and autonomy are related to each other in that autonomy requires an awareness of control over one’s relationship with others, which is part of the essence of personal choice. Privacy contributes to autonomy because it provides he individual control over whether or not he/she will allow somebody else to be part of his/her experiences. Further, Lippke and Kupfer argue that autonomous individuals are those that have the capacity for it, a developed autonomous self-concept. If the individual cannot develop his autonomous self-concept, then he/she is not autonomous. Lack of privacy prevents or inhibits the development of such autonomous self-concept. I agree that both autonomy and privacy are valuable. Autonomy can be likened to a person’s independence or capacity for independent choices. Like in the relationship of a parent and child, it is deemed necessary for the parent to develop independence in a child as part of the preparation for responsible adulthood. And among the ways of nurturing this independence, aside from a parent’s mentoring, is by respecting the growing child increasing rights to privacy. In the workplace, I believe that the employees’ rights to privacy must be maintained and upheld. After all, there are advantages to both employee and employer by maintaining employee autonomy. Most organizations today desire employees who are initiative, resourceful and require minimal supervision. However, the scope of employee privacy rights in the workplace needs to be defined and accepted by both employer and employee as part of the exercise of freedom of contract. 2. Relying on a contractual model of

Practitioner Skills for Managers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Practitioner Skills for Managers - Essay Example The paper presents the experience the manager is going through as one which often occurs. Attempting to get an individual to volunteer in doing a hectic but essential task is often quite difficult. However, the project needs to be completed and make sure that such problems do not occur in future. Thus, we must formulate a solution to the dilemma at hand. Managers need to use dilemmas like the one faced by the manager as learning experiences on how to come up with solutions to a similar problem in future. They can use their past experiences and knowledge to draw lessons to counter problems in a professional manner. The manager needs to be open-minded to new upcoming ideas and approach them with knowledge. Communication and talk are essential in defining a solution to the dilemma situation faced by the manager. In any practice, management involves talking with co-workers and assigning them roles to undertake. Conversations between managers and the junior staff are very vital whether it is being conveyed in a formal or informal way. The most important thing is for guidelines and instructions to be communicated well to employees of an organization. Failure to communicate well in advance can impede operations and undertake of tasks within an organization. There are many ways in which a manager like a manager can use. The style chosen must be taken to achieve best intentions. The communication should serve a purpose that is specific. In this case study, the communication should be towards dilemma solving. Effective communication will enable timely completion of projects. The manager should structure the discussion in a way that it aims at giving solutions that are goal oriented rather than emotional. In the meeting the organization to deliberate on the progress of the project, the manager was particularly emotional and temperamental. Effective communication enables the organization to take advantage of opportunities and to enhance the overall performance of the team. A manager needs to inspire performance through communication with co-workers. It should be able to nurture team expertise and skills and also have a fruitful outcome rather than conflicting. A communication between the manager and the staff ought to be able to ensure employees work in unison so as to come up with appropriate options.

Work, privacy, and autonomy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Work, privacy, and autonomy - Essay Example Privacy, on the other hand, involves two things. First is control of information about ones self, and the other, some control over who can experience or observe the person. An example given is that privacy in relation to a spouse is different from privacy in relation to an employer. As proposed by Kupfer, privacy and autonomy are related to each other in that autonomy requires an awareness of control over one’s relationship with others, which is part of the essence of personal choice. Privacy contributes to autonomy because it provides he individual control over whether or not he/she will allow somebody else to be part of his/her experiences. Further, Lippke and Kupfer argue that autonomous individuals are those that have the capacity for it, a developed autonomous self-concept. If the individual cannot develop his autonomous self-concept, then he/she is not autonomous. Lack of privacy prevents or inhibits the development of such autonomous self-concept. I agree that both autonomy and privacy are valuable. Autonomy can be likened to a person’s independence or capacity for independent choices. Like in the relationship of a parent and child, it is deemed necessary for the parent to develop independence in a child as part of the preparation for responsible adulthood. And among the ways of nurturing this independence, aside from a parent’s mentoring, is by respecting the growing child increasing rights to privacy. In the workplace, I believe that the employees’ rights to privacy must be maintained and upheld. After all, there are advantages to both employee and employer by maintaining employee autonomy. Most organizations today desire employees who are initiative, resourceful and require minimal supervision. However, the scope of employee privacy rights in the workplace needs to be defined and accepted by both employer and employee as part of the exercise of freedom of contract. 2. Relying on a contractual model of

South African Foreign Policy in the 1930's Essay

South African Foreign Policy in the 1930's - Essay Example The links between the Afrikaans and the German people extended through time and had been present since the first European settlements were made in South Africa. J.F.J. van Rensburg, who later became the Kommandant Generaal of the Ossewa Brandwag, wrote in his autobiography that he carefully, meticulously and gratefully learnt the German language since it was the language of a kindred people. Oswald Pirow, the Minister for Justice and later Defence Minister was a self confessed Germanophile. He visited Europe on several occasions, and made it a point to pay his respects to German and pro-German Leaders like Hitler, Goering, Mussolini, and Franco (Bunting, 1964). Mussolini himself employed racial discrimination as a factor in the foreign policies and government of his country much like South Africa (Robertson, 1998). Considering the example set by her father, Pirow’s daughter must have done her father proud when in 1939 she arrived in England and gave an interview on her way to a German Women’s camp while talking to a representative of the Daily Express to whom she said that even though she had never been to Germany, it felt like home. Her grandparents on both sides were German and her father spent his boyhood in Germany. This idea of taking Germany as home was present in many of the Afrikaner people of German descent since there was a natural affinity between them and the Germans (Bunting, 1964). It can hardly be expected that such sentiments could give the British much confidence in South African support at the eve of war.

Emotionally-Charged Subjects Essay Example for Free

Emotionally-Charged Subjects Essay Parents and teenagers need not always argue about issues that are manageable. The key to managing these issues is in understanding each other’s position and in finding a middle-way solution. If we can aim for a win-win solution, that would be best, but many times it may not be possible. So, adjusting our wants with regards to the other’s position may be necessary to solve our problems. Let us take the issues of friends, money and school for example. If we try to understand the problems facing each side, from the teenager and from the parents, we can try to negotiate our way to a solution. First, many teenagers today have friends that parents disagree with, but both sides can work on a solution. Proverbs 18:24 says, â€Å"A man of too many friends comes to ruin, but there is a friend who sticks closer than a brother† (New American Standard Bible). The teenager has to understand that quality friends are more important than quantity. Bad company may lead to drug abuse, alcoholism, pre-marital sex, unwanted pregnancies and other consequences that are life-and-death situations. It is important then to choose our friends wisely and to refrain from others who are bad influences on us. So how do we choose our friends? Or how do we know that they are truly our real friends? Proverbs 17:17 asserts that â€Å"A friend is always loyal, and a brother is born to help in time of need† (New Living Translation). If our so-called â€Å"friends† are only there when we have money or if we are in good health or if we have a nice car and a beautiful house, then they are not our friends. A true friend will be there for you even in sickness, homelessness and poverty. Of course, parents also have to understand that nothing is perfect and that these ideals may not be realized all the time because of actual, instead of theoretical circumstances. So parents have to give their teenagers some room for error and imperfection. By learning from their mistakes, they will become better adults later. Second, many teenagers nowadays want more money, which their parents don’t have, so we need to find creative solutions to solve it. In 1 Timothy 6:10, it is mentioned that â€Å"the love of money is a root of all kinds of evil. Some people, eager for money, have wandered from the faith and pierced themselves with many griefs† (New International Version). Money is needed to satisfy many physical desires, but too many desires will lead to suffering. It is important to extinguish the flames of desire through moderation. If we don’t really need something, we don’t have to possess it. We also need to be wise with our money through investments and diligent work. By finding part-time work and learning how to invest our savings properly, a teenager will learn good financial skills that he will need later as an adult. As Matthew 25:18 mentions, we should not dig â€Å"a hole in the ground and [hide]†¦ the masters money† (New Living Translation) even if we have only a little of it. We should invest it, and we can also find some work to earn more money that we can additionally invest. We should also not have sudden cravings to splurge once we have a lot of money. In Proverbs 7: 20, a prodigal man â€Å"took lots of money with him†¦ [and] wont be home for a couple of weeks (God’s Word Translation). Instead, we should learn how to control our emotions. Being wasteful in our expenditures will empty our bank account. Lastly, we should also be generous. As Exodus 22:25 says, If you lend money to one of my people among you who is needy, do not be like a moneylender; charge him no interest† (New International Version). By learning how to give, we will receive payment in â€Å"kind† later on in the form of respect, the return of favors and other non-quantifiable intangible forms that we will appreciate later. Lastly, teenagers may need to confront their parents about their problems in school. Grades are one of the major problems that teenagers face in school. Low marks could be a consequential problem due to bad friends or the lack of money to buy learning resources. If our problem with friends and money are resolved, then we can solve our issues in school also. But sometimes, the cause may be something else. If our ancestors were not so bright themselves, then we shouldn’t expect too much on ourselves. Or if we take some mental aptitude tests, and we score poorly, we may be faced with a biological problem that requires specialized training. But more often than not, we can improve our brain power through proper nutrition, exercise and mental conditioning. There are many books and courses in the market that will teach us on how to increase our mental aptitude. So, it may be necessary to purchase a few for the benefit of our future. But parents should also consider that school and grades are not everything. Jesus himself was very learned, but he did not bother to prove his academic excellence by getting a respected degree from a well-known school. In John 7:15 â€Å"the Jews were surprised and said, How has this man got knowledge of books? He has never been to school† (Bible in Basic English). Indeed, school is not the only place to learn and thus, school grades are not the only proof of learning. While some people may be God-gifted, more often than not, many people learn from the â€Å"School of Hard Knocks. † Truly, there are many successful people today, such as Bill Gates, who never finished college. In the end, teenagers are not always wrong and parents are not always right. When a proper middle-ground is reached between the two, there is peace. References Hook, S. (ed. ). (1965). Bible in Basic English. Cambridge University Press. Holy Bible: New International Version. (1978). Grand Rapids: Zondervan. Holy Bible: New Living Translation. (1996). Wheaton: Tyndale House. The Bible: God’s Word Translation. (1995). Jacksonville: Baker Publishing Group. The Bible: New American Standard Bible. (1997). Anaheim: Foundation.

How To Motivate Students Education Essay

How To Motivate Students Education Essay What is physical education? What do people nowadays know about the importance of health fitness? Physical education is a course taken in primary and secondary education which involves physically learning and psychomotor learning. People nowadays take everything for granted; they take their own health for granted. They dont really care about fitness and psychomotor learning. This is why physical education not treated seriously in every educational institute. Based on some researches, there is a survey has been conducted by Singapore sports council in 2001 shows that most of the students does not exercise regularly. Besides, there is another survey on the new intake of 800 students conducted in ITE East (Yishun) in 2001 showed that up to 94% did not like PE and never exercised regularly. ( adapted from innovative ways in motivating students in physical education class- HUSSAIN KADIR (SH/PE/YS) TAN MENG HUAY (SH/PE/MP)). Our education system is concentrates more on academics instead on students physical development. Schools in Malaysia rather to say neglected the importance of physical education. Based on the timetable in every school, physical education class seems likely to be once a week and 40 minutes. Students get demotivated and lost their interest in physical education class. Based on a teacher who mentioned that People did, and maybe still do, think of physical education as recess time, said Shelley Randall, a P.E. teacher at Obsidian Middle School and a member of the Oregon Department of Education committee developing the standards. ( Adapted from Taylor, Ted. (December 4, 2000). The Bulletin. Bend, Oregon.). This shows that people still in their conservatives mind which academic ways too important than anything else that they neglected that physical education plays an important role in academic as well. According to an article, Judith Young, executive director of the National Association of Sports and Physical Education, said she wasnt sure P.E. ever had a major academic role. But frankly, we are seeing a need for it now because our lifestyles are getting increasingly sedentary, she said, citing many young people who would rather play a football game on a computer than go outside and toss the pigskin around with friends. ( Adapted from Taylor, Ted. (December 4, 2000). The Bulletin. Bend, Oregon.). These are the evidences show that physical education wasnt really treated seriously in school that is why demotivates students in their physical education class. Why students werent interested in physical educations class? The whole worldwide is encouraging that in reinforce the education system by emphasize the importance in physical education. As we know that physical education not just only helps to improves health but skill development, which allows for enjoyable participation in any physical activities in a proper appropriate techniques. But, why students nowadays werent interested in physical education class? Many factor either from internal or external bring huge impacts on the school kids interest in school. Firstly, the school plays an important role in taking care of students academic performances. The school concerns their students academic performances and their school well built reputation. This is the reason how the school pushes the students and teachers so hard to maintain their performances in such a stressful situation. The class timetable consisted 9 periods a day, and each period is 40 minutes. Apparently, the whole day in school was sedentary activities instead of having any physical activities. Students were all day packed with lectures in class and stuck on the chair almost half a day non-stop. The only thing they will move their body is when they have to attend to the washroom or their 20 minutes recess times which they will just sit and eat. Initially, school cut down the physical education class into 2 periods once in a week for each class. Basically, once a week the s tudents have their physical education class or the entire one and a half hours. The time schedules for physical education is simply unfair, either they arranges the class to after recess time or 2 periods before the school end. In the morning session, some physical education class arranges after recess time or in the middle of 3rd or 4th period right before the recess time. This odd timing discourage students interest in participate themselves in the class. Students need times to get change and took up half of the time that affected the teaching process in the class. Besides, some teacher who might took up the extra times after the bell rang, and this is one of the issues that affected the physical education class. Thus, students have insufficient time to get change and gather at the gym or school field. P.E teacher always faces this kind of problems, insufficient times to finish her teaching syllabus. Plus, students hates to get change again and again for that one hour plus. They think it was really troublesome especially for girls. Students need to wait in a long line to get change back to pinafore under the sweaty, uncomfortable situation. Girls especially who have menses problem will try their very best to avoid participate in P.E class. Schools environment also is an issue in discouraging students participates in P.E class. The school environment such as the washrooms, the location for P.E class, and so on. School that have insufficient washrooms may affect the students learning mood and enthusiastic in learning. If the washroom is too small or insufficient, students face problems in waiting in a long line to get change. Maybe there are 20-25 girls in a class and they might need some times to get change and wait in a line. This will affect the time management in P.E class, and the whole teaching procedure. Besides, if the washrooms condition was unhygienic is such a turn off for students to go in and change into their P.E suits. Students will find excuses such as left their suits at home, or not feeling well just to avoid get change and join the class. Moreover, some school doesnt possess with full equipment such as spacious field, equipment room, basic games courts. Students and teacher always cracks their head loo king for places to have their class. Students will feel tired and demotivated and get bored easily. Incomplete equipment such as insufficient of balls and so on might affected the teaching activities and students will get distracted because have to wait for their turn to play the game. Next, the teacher and students parents think that physical education wasnt a real subject. But, the fact is vital. On the school field, there are 30 over students surrounding their P.E teacher. But, when the teacher carries out an activity with the students the responds from the students are so direct and clear that whether they are enjoying the class. We can see that there are a lot of kids standing around and socializing or waiting in line or watching other children play. This proves that the basic lesson plan wasnt really well prepared. Besides, experts have determined whats wrong is that in most schools, the P.E. teachers are undertrained. In my opinion, I doubted that Malaysia do have sufficient trained P.E teachers. Malaysias schools system considered rather odd, they simply offer the P.E class to some teachers who are not trained in this field. So, is really common that mathematics teacher or maybe English teacher who are teaching P.E as well. Those untrained teacher definitel y conducted the class by using the textbook and ball games werent really teaching the correct and accurate techniques and skills to the students. That is why lesson plan wasnt really well planned and prepared, and situation such as students wandering around, socializing with one another, rather stares at the grass, lack of interest in participating in the class occurs. The main reason is the class is boring and not well managed. Parents on the other hand, who thinks academics are highly important that determined their childrens future. In fact, when a real trained P.E teacher was conducting the class parents should come in and see that theres real instruction going on. Quality physical education is not roll out the ball and play. Parents always thinks that eat healthier will improve health. Although they knows that exercise regularly is the best way to keep healthy and fitness, deep down in their mind was that such a waste of time for their kids to run along and roll with the balls. Physical education not just educates students but parents as well. According to Welscher from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, They need to know that what its going to teach is things that are going to make them live longer, a whole lot happier, protect them from a lot of negative behaviors, improve their mental health and this is at least as important as many of the other subjects. Parents should have encourages their children participate in P.E class. As a parent, it is important for them to maintain involvement in childrens education so that can ensure he or she attains the knowledge, skills and attitudes necessary to lead a healthy, active and productive life. How to motivate students to take part in physical educations class? There are few tips that show that benefits in taking part in physical activities, such as it helps to improves health. Regular exercises helps to circulate our blood circulation and our joints wont turn to rusty. It helps to prevent heart diseases, counteracts with the risk in obesity, diseases, inactivity and hypertension. With 20 minutes walk can help to circulate the blood circulation around our heart and enhance the function of our heart in healthy condition. Obesity and hypertension can prevented with 30 minutes jogs. After some physical activities, it helps to refresh a persons mind. After discussing the benefits of regular physical activity and all the factors that demotivated students participating in P.E class, there are ways in motivates them in the class. How to encourage and motivate students take part in their P.E class? There are many ways in motivate students take part in the class. Of course we opted for long term solutions instead of short term solutions. Short term solutions such as bribes the students by using extravaganzas prizes or maybe cashes to allure the students in taking part in the class. This will never work out. They are temporally attracted students for a short time and the objectives will never achieve. The school, teachers, students and parents have the responsibility to overcome this problem. The school should try to see this as serious matter by not just emphasizes in academic performance. School should have tried to work out some programs to encourage students take part in physical education class. They should have planned to have their sports day during the weekdays as attendance is compulsory. Many schools normally have their sports day during weekend. Weekends supposed to be non school day, this is the main reason that students will never turned up and shows the initiative t o participate in any sports programs. Even the teachers were lack of motivation to conduct the event or activity in a proper manner. In my opinion, the school should organize some sports programs or activities for the whole week. In the whole week, half of the day students are occupied with all sorts of programs. Such as interclass games competition, some in charge of having healthy and fitness mini seminar. The school can invite professionals to give talks or seminars to the students. This whole physical education week should organize consistently, is meaningful and education purposes. Besides, students felt bored in P.E class is because of the teacher is untrained and wasnt specialized in this field. This may cause confusion to the students. The best thing that can do is, have the teachers attend the workshop in physical education. A productive and knowledgeable teacher is a successful educator. Teacher who are specialized or not in this field should educate themselves more in this field, they should prepares themselves in any situation such as teaching the subject that they may not familiar with. Teacher should prepare interesting lesson plan and activities in order to let learning progress takes place. Teacher should be willing to learn and gain more Knowledge: As a physical education teacher have to learn about new activities and games, and apply them into their lesson plans. P.E teachers should learn new games and bring them into class. By bringing in new games it will not only broaden students knowledge of new skills, but they will also have fun learning new and different skills. The teachers attitude is also very important in teaching. Teacher should know how to handle classroom management so that students will respect he/her and take things seriously in physical education. Teachers should always possesses with positives attitude, always encourage students, never give up easily, and should influence the students in what is meant to be good for them. The most important thing is get to know them, understand them, and get to know what their needs are. Caring is always the most effective ways in teaching progress. Next, parents and schools bond with each other in an indirect way. Parents play an important role in this issue. Most of the parents thought that P.E class is such a waste of time, and a burden to a child for bringing extra clothes to school. Most parents have irrational thoughts such as, a lot of laundry to do if bringing extra P.E suits and so on. Parents should have encourage their children how important P.E is and should participate fully in the class. Besides, parents should often exposed P.E activity to their children since young or daily. It is a necessity to expose physical activity to children daily so that they will keep it as a habit. While the school environment also important in solving this problem. School should concern and take this seriously in improving the facilities in school. Such as, the sports field, the equipment room and etc. Especially the field, school authority should take care of the field as in trim the grass or mend the holes on the ground. This can reduce the risk of injury among the students. With a well cared field, students will love the field and willing to stretch their joints in any conditions. The equipment room should always updates. Balls especially always a problem for every school, insufficient amounts of balls always create havoc in P.E class. The school person in charge should check the remaining stocks consistently. Replace those equipments which are dysfunctions with new, add in better equipment in order to enhance the quality in teaching. The school environment such as renovates the toilet into spacious space for students able to get change or built in sports shower room for st udents to take a shower before they continue their next class. Besides, government should take this seriously as in promoting how important P.E is and encourages the society starts to concentrate in P.E activity. The government should promote scholarship schemes or better offer in sports academy for every student who contributes in sports or P.E class. The government should encourage each school to have a certified certificates to show attributes to all the students who did well in their P.E class. This will encourages and motivates the P.E culture in Malaysia soon. The best P.E. class and program will keep students in mind that this knowledge can last for a lifetime. ( Adapted from article: I hate P.E)

Crime Among Social Groups Essay -- Crime Social Class Society Violence

Crime Among Social Groups Why are crime rates higher among some social groups than the others? Are some groups more prone to crime, or are they in situations more conducive to crime? Many factors can influence a person to commit a crime, but is there a common trait that leads people down the road to actually committing a crime. Some traits that can influence criminal behavior are: Families, Economic status, Gender, Race, and Age. Married life domesticates but also can cause strain and difficulties. There are new conflicts that arise from people getting married. Often it is the first major decision of one's life and soon there are more bills, more relatives, conflicting plans, children, your spouse might die, and annoying habits that your spouse may have emerge, in most relationships these can all be overcome in time as divorce stats indicate, society is not yet to the point where for every marriage there is a coinciding divorce. "A correlation rises from low incomes, increased uncertainty and fear, and increased personal frustration. These factors put family life under a strain and lead to an increase in child and spouse abuse."1 If these new challenges cannot be overcome then a broken home is the most common result. A broken family can generate in different ways, death, separation, divorce. These are the most common but not all possible reasons for a broken home. There are two ways to observe a break in a fa mily: Husband-wife and Parent- Child. "In addition, less than one-third (31%) of the inmates were married at the time of admission to a correctional facility, compared with almost two-thirds (63%) of adults aged 18 and over in the general population."2 The death of a partner can cause an unstable mind in a surviving spouse and their children. Widowed people are chiefly older, so crime is a smaller more limited problem with the survivors. Younger widows tend to migrate to different cities, females generally moving west and males moving east. This migration, as we will call it, of widowed women overcrowding cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco and Washington cause desperate males to follow women to these cities. Knowing that widows are usually left with money through life insurance policies and inheritance from their deceased partners, less fortunate people envy the cash and see the dense population of female widows as being easy victims. Th... ...d Bade, Robin Macroeconomics Canada in the Global Environment Addison - Wesley Publishers Limited Don Mills, ONT. 1997 pg. 505 Sylvester Jr. Sawyer F. The Heritage of Modern Criminology Schenkam Publishing Company Cambridge, Massachusetts. 1972 Sinclair, Roberta L. and Boe, Roger Male Young Offenders in Canada: Recent Trends Research Branch Correctional Services Canada. 1998 Taylor, Jo-Anne and Atkins, Christine Models of Family among Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Offenders. Correctional Research and Development Correctional Services Canada. 1993 Tierney, John Criminology: theory & context Prentice Hall/ Harvester Wheatsheaf Hertfordshire 1996 Uzoaba, Julius H. E. Managing Older Offenders; Where Do We Stand? Research Branch Correctional Services Canada. 1998 Vanderburg, Susan A. Weekes, John R. and Millson,William A. Native Offender Substance Abuse Assessment: The Computerized Lifestyle Assessment Instrument Research and Statistics Branch Correctional Services Canada. 1994 Author Unknown A Profile of Inmates in Adult Correctional Facilities Statistics Canada, The Daily, Thursday, June 4, 1998 http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/980604/d980604.htm#ART2

Alcohol abuse among college students at univeristy of south carolina

Alcohol is a drink made by mixing yeast with sugary substances such as corn, barley and rye. The mixture is then left to ferment for some time. Once consumed it is absorbed into the body systems through the stomach and the small intestines and affects the mind making the person who had consumed it lack proper coordination. It leaves the body by being excretion through the kidney, lungs and the liver.Many college students consume alcohol as a way of forgetting certain situations in their college life that is stressing them, make friends and even maintain them. But in actual sense alcohol only suppresses the problem for a very short duration of time after which the negative effects to the individual manifest themselves such as poor personal health, poor concentration in school and financial constrains.Excessive use of alcohol leads to neglect of major responsibilities such as schooling and this state is termed as alcoholism that has no cure but can only be controlled (Presley, Meilman, & Cashin, 1996).Starters mainly consume alcohol varieties that are less concentration but upon advancing they get to very concentrated brands that eliminate the desire to drink fast.Alcohol Abuse among College StudentsThe African-American students within the campus drink less compared to white counterparts. The students who engage in heavy drinking are usually aged between 18-29 years and drink up to three times in a week with very few going up to five days; this clearlyindicates that alcohol is readily available within the campus and that the alcohol-control policies are somehow lenient.Though this should not generalize that all students drink, a good number of students have never tasted alcohol within the institution.The availability of alcohol within the community surrounding the Campus draws students towards alcohol even if the campus authorities are against it.In order to lower the levels of alcohol abuse among students of drinking age which is set at 21 years by the federal l aws, the university encourages students to drink responsibly and behave in a mature manner (O’Malley & Johnston, 2002).To reduce alcohol abuse the university has ensured that those students selling alcohol within the campus premises have a commercial license that governs their conduct.  The university has ensured that alcohol is sold in designated points such as the students centre and not just anywhere and this helps reduce its accessibility thus reducing its abuse. Any misconduct upon being drunk should be reported to the campus dean within twenty four hours of such offence and appropriate punishment administered according to the law (Presley, Meilman, & Cashin, 1996).